MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ADHESION OF TIN THIN FILMS PREPARED BY ION BEAM ASSISTED DEPOSITION ON ULTRAFINE-GRAINED WC-CO CEMENTED CARBIDE SUBSTRATES

Mechanical properties and adhesion of TiN thin films prepared by ion beam assisted deposition on ultrafine-grained WC-Co cemented carbide substrates

This study unveils the effect of ion beam (IB) irradiation on mechanical properties and adhesion of titanium nitraide (TiN) thin films on ultrafine-grained WC-Co cemented carbide substrates.TiN thin films are used for improving wear resistance and lubricity of molds and cutting tools consisted of WC-Co cemented carbides.It is known that the ion bea

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The Structure of Negative Social Ties in Rural Village Networks

Negative (antagonistic) connections have been of longstanding theoretical Puzzle importance for social structure.In a population of 24,696 adults interacting face to face within 176 isolated villages in western Honduras, we measured all connections that were present, amounting to 105,175 positive and 16,448 negative ties.Here, we show that negative

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